4D ultrasound images a time-stamped video of your baby in the womb, allowing healthcare specialist and researchers to record a video of your baby's movements. Like other ultrasound scans, 4D ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to generate images of organs and tissues inside the body. These sound waves are emitted by a probe or transducer, which is passed over the region to be scanned by the sonographer, an NHS employee at the Rosie Maternity Hospital.

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive optical neuroimaging technique that assesses localised brain activation. It measures absorption of near infrared light within different areas of the cortex in response to our stimuli. The more light is absorbed, the more oxygen is being used within an area, which indicates neural activity. The relative transparency of the biological tissue allows the near infrared light to capture these distinct absorption characteristics of oxy- and deoxy-haemoglobin concentration changes. Low light levels are used and continuous measurements can be performed with no risk of damage to the tissue. 

The infant electroencephalography (EEG) system measures the natural electrical activity in your baby’s brain, which is generated by your brain cells (neurons) and can be passively measured on the surface of your head. Event-related. The EEG signals are measured by gel electrodes that are placed in an easy cap. Our system, a portable, wireless Enobio 20-channel cap custom-made for infants small heads, sits comfortably on babies' heads like a winter hat, then transfers the signals wirelessly to the computer.